I want to grow oyster mushrooms: where to start? Growing oyster mushrooms at home for beginners as a business: step by step: growing technology, reviews

What you need to know about oyster mushrooms to establish a business.

The content of the article

For those who want to engage in the cultivation of pennies, as the main activity and turn this business into a profitable business, this article is dedicated. Here we will tell a few secrets to novice businessmen.

Growing oyster mushrooms at home for beginners step by step

Fans of experiments can try to grow an oyster mushroom at home using our recommendations:

Get high -quality planting material . Buy mycelium in an online store or in campaigns to grow oyster mushrooms on a large scale.
Do not buy more than a kilogram for starters.
Keep the mycelium correctly.Before planting, you can keep the material in the refrigerator (not in the freezer) at 3-4 ° C
Prepare raw materials for substrate . It is best to use straw or seed husk at first.
Check for mold.
Grind. The substrate must be chopped on components up to 5-6 cm in size.
Thermally process.Pour the chopped substrate with water and boil for about 2 hours.
Drain the water . Water should not flow from the substrate, it should be just wet.
Cool.Material for planting should not exceed 27 ° C.
Disinfection.Before working with mycelium, disinfect all the equipment that you will use (dishes, knife, spoons) to avoid infection.
Prepare the container.Two dense plastic bags or plastic bottles with a capacity of 5 liters and wipe with a solution of chlorine lime.
Grind the mycelium. Do this without getting the material from the package. Work in gloves.
Fill the containers. Fill in layout: after 10 cm of the soil, pour 0.5 cm of wezen seeds. The last layer will be the soil.
Make holes. After 15-20 cm, make cuts or holes up to 2 cm in a checkerboard pattern.

Result with the correct execution of the instructions

Place the containers in the prepared place. Maintain a temperature of about 18-20 ° C.
Sometimes ventilate the room, avoid insects.
Follow the temperature in the container.It should not exceed 30 degrees, otherwise the mycelium will die. To cool the blocks, direct the fan on them. The incubation period lasts about 18-20 days, during which the bags inside are completely filled with white threads of mycelium.
Provide the conditions for the period of cultivation: Lighting-at least 8 hours, humidity in the room-90 %, temperature-not exceeding 12-15 ° C, ventilation-at least 4 times.
Gather the crop.After about 2 weeks, fruit bodies of oyster mushrooms will germinate from the slots. Gather them, gently twisted them out of the mushroom pickers.
Wait for the second crop.Ventify the room after the first wave of the collection and provide similar conditions. After 11-13 days, the second harvest will follow.
Replace the blocks.For 4 waves of the crop, the blocks will not bear fruit. You can use them as garden fertilizers.

I want to grow oyster mushrooms: where to start?

Beginning mushroomers often wonder where to start growing oyster mushrooms. We hope that our recommendations will help you:

Determine how much you want to grow mushrooms, and for what purpose: for your own needs or for sale.
If the purpose of growing is subsequent sale, then think about where you can sell your products (cafe, market, store). Keep in mind that oyster mushrooms are stored at a temperature of 3-5 ° C for no more than 5 days. Therefore, at first, you should not organize too much production.
Decide how you will grow the product: natural or intensive. For business, a second method requires some investments is used.
Select 2 rooms for growing: one will germinate in one, the other will be used during the cultivation period.
Organize both premises correctly: if necessary, make repairs, disinfect, buy equipment (lamps, heaters, racks, orpers, instrumentation, etc.).
Determine which raw materials you will use for the substrate, and where you will purchase it.
Get high -quality planting material. To do this, study the offers in the market and give preference to mycelium made in special laboratories.
Find the necessary information materials on the cultivation of mushrooms and adopt knowledge from experienced mushroom workers.

There are many nuances in growing oyster mushrooms

Is it profitable to grow oyster mushrooms for sale?

The oyster mushroom - the mushroom is tasty and nutritious. It is not surprising that he is in demand in the market all year round. Many people who began to grow this product for themselves are thinking about increasing production for the subsequent sale of mushrooms. And a logical question arises: is it profitable?

Let's try to figure it out. Pluses of home business:

breeding oyster mushrooms does not require constant time
it is not necessary to own special skills: materials for production are quite inexpensive and they are easy to find

Growing oyster mushrooms has its pros and cons of

Minuses:

mandatory availability of a premises, the organization of which may require monetary investments. In the absence of its own premises, it must be rented, which will entail significant financial costs
costs for the purchase of raw materials, equipment, payment of electricity, transport, etc. are needed.
a place for storing mushrooms before sale is required
difficulties in searching for a sales market are possible
there is a probability of not the full realization of the crop

As you can see, the production of oyster mushrooms requires at first significant investments of capital. And often the payback comes only after a year.

Especially in the absence of your own room. In the conditions of a standard apartment, you can grow an oyster mushroom only for your own needs.

Home mini business - growing oyster mushrooms: what a profitable area?

By organizing your own mini-business for the production of oyster mushrooms, it is necessary to decide what area you can use for your "mushroom farm". To do this, take into account the following factors:

from 10 kg of a wet substrate and 400 g of mycelium on average, about 2-3 kg of mushrooms are obtained
2 full -fledged crops are removed from 1 bag
from 1 t of the substrate, on average, up to 500 kg from two crops are obtained
replace the contents of the bag every 2.5-3 months
the first fruiting period is about 1.5 - 2 months
to accommodate 10 tons of the substrate, you need a room of at least 250 square meters with the organization of racks

Growing oyster mushrooms like home business

According to experts, given the inevitable costs of materials, electricity, water, etc., in order for home mini-production to become profitable, it is recommended to start with 10 tons of the substrate. In addition, to ensure profitability, it is important to use all possible methods of sale of products:

follow the quality of the mushrooms - observe the cleanliness in the rooms, improve the taste characteristics by adding natural additives to the substrate (alfalfa leaves, cotton stems, sunflower screw)
create a good advertisement for your product (free advertising samples, ads, bigboards, etc.)
organize the processing of unrealized oyster mushrooms (conservation, freezing)
put the sales of the spent substrate agro - enterprises for fertilizers

The yield of oyster mushrooms

There is a lot of conflicting information about the yield of the oyster mushroom. According to some sources, it is 100 %, while others talk about a lower level.

From the practice of experienced mushroom breeders we get the following indicators:

"Correctly" organized mycelium gives good seedlings within 3 weeks
collect oyster mushroom when the clusters reached a weight of approximately 200 g
on a 10-kilogram block of a wet substrate with 15-20 holes, it grows up to 3 kg of mushrooms. This wave of crop is the most abundant and is 60-65 %
the next wave, which occurs after 10-14 days, will produce 1.5-2 kg of oyster mushrooms (about 30 % of the crop)
subsequent waves can give separate single clusters that are not taken into account

The yield of the oyster mushroom is high

The yield of oyster mushrooms can be increased:

using a black film for bags - since it does not pass the light, so that the rudiments of the mushrooms are formed only in the places of the cuts. In addition, the mature cycle of fruit bodies is reduced.
by adding oatmeal to the substrate - nutrients have a beneficial effect on the mycelium, increasing the number of mushrooms.

In order for the business to bring income, you need to have a lot of knowledge in the field you are engaged. We offer to read more information in articles about growing technology mushrooms and secrets of mushroom cultivation at home.

Growing oyster mushrooms as a business: reviews

Nikolai, 43:

“I live in a village in a private house. In the yard I have utility rooms. I adapted one of them for growing oyster mushrooms. For the substrate, I use straw. Fortunately, there is an opportunity to get her for a penny. The matter, in general, is profitable, but not as the main earnings. ”

Andrey, 30 years:

“He did not bred oyster mushroom, but my sister and her husband were doing this. They rented a room, purchased materials. The technology was observed, but the yield volumes were much less than expected. Barely covered expenses. They are not engaged in mushroom growing anymore. ”

Irina, 50 years:

“Having read information on the Internet, it caught fire with this idea. Adapted for growing a greenhouse. The first crop was small. I took into account all the errors, it went. I am selling a product in a nearby cafe and a company for the production of semi -finished products (dumplings, pancakes). This is currently the main source of earnings. Not to say that very large, but there is enough life. ”