Growing tomato seedlings at home: preparation of seeds, sowing, landing in a greenhouse and soil. Feeding tomato seedlings with folk remedies, fertilizers, ash, yeast, banana skins, iodine

We will tell you about how to grow tomatoes in our beds or a greenhouse in this article.

The content of the article

Preparation and top dressing of soil for tomato seedlings

To grow strong seedlings, the soil for it must correspond to certain characteristics. It should be loose, porous and not very acidic. It is impossible to use ordinary land from your garden for this purpose. Of course, you can buy a special soil mixture of tomatoes in a horticultural store. But, if you do not want to spend a lot of money on it, you can cook it at home.

The substrate for the seedlings of tomatoes consists of humus, peat, coarse sand (used as a baking powder) and leaf soil. There should be no problems with the humus of real gardeners. This most nutritious part of the soil mixtures is obtained from the overwhelmed manure and plants. Peat is easy to find in any forest. As for leaf land, it can be typed in any forest belt rich in deciduous plants.

IMPORTANT: as a sheet soil, you cannot use soil collected under such trees as willow, chestnut and oak. Substances that are in the leaves of these trees, falling into the ground will negatively affect the seedlings of all vegetable crops without exception.

The components of the substrate for growing tomato seedlings are best stored in an unheated barn. The freezing of the above components in winter is used in this case as one of the ways of disinfecting the soil.

Preparation of soil mixtures

Also, to disinfect the soil of the future substrate, you can use a solution of potassium permanganate (3 g per 10 liters of water), special antifungal drugs and hot steam treatment.

The soil mixture should have the following proportions:

Leaf Earth (1 part)
Peat (1 part)
Coarse -grained sand (1 part)

The components are mixed with each other and watered with a nutrient mixture consisting of superphosphate (25 g), potassium sulfate (10 g) and urea (10 g) dissolved in water (10 liters).

Also, such a substrate for tomato seedlings has proven itself well:

Humus (1 part)
Leaf Earth (2 parts)
Coarse -grained sand (1 part)

When the ingredients of such a mixture are mixed to them, you need to add superphosphate (2 matchbox) and ash (500 ml).

If there is no desire or the opportunity to prepare soil mixture yourself for seedlings of tomatoes, then you can purchase a coconut substrate in the store. It is ideal for growing tomatoes seedlings before planting them in open ground.

Preparation and soaking in potassium permanganate tomatoes for sowing for seedlings

Proper preparation of seeds is the basis of high -quality seedlings. Such preparation includes the selection of seeds and their soaking. With its correct conduct, it will be possible to increase the future yield of tomatoes by 30%.

Before soaking the seeds, they need to be taken by weight and dimensions. The heavier the tomato seeds, the more substances are more nutritious for the future plant. Also, high -quality seeds of this vegetable crop can be selected if they are poured into a solution of table salt (1 tbsp. Spoon per glass of water). Those seeds that surround the surface after some time must be rejected.

Selected tomato seeds before soaking must be treated in a potassium permanganate solution. This will help in the future to reduce the risk of such diseases of seedlings as root and stalk rot, phomosis, black leg and some others.

Tomato seeds

Seeds need to be warmed up for two days in a warm place, and then place in 1%cutter of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes.

After such processing, you can soak the seeds of tomatoes for seedlings. To do this, the seeds are placed in a gauze bag and immersed in water. Its volume should be more than the volume of seeds 50-70 times. With such soaking, the seeds must be periodically mixed. After 18 hours, the water must be drained, and the swollen seeds should be slightly dried. After that, they can be sent again for germination or sowed immediately in boxes for seedlings.

How to plant tomatoes for seedlings?

Seeds are considered ready for planting if the length of the prophet is equal to the length of the seed. The larger the prophecy, the more difficult it is to plant such a seed in the ground. Any inaccurate movement can break the prophet and will lead to the fact that the seed will become unsuitable for planting.

Before planting sprouted seeds in the soil in the soil, it is necessary to make small recesses (5 mm) and transfer each seed into your deepening with tweezers. Then sprinkle the pits with earth without increasing the depth of the seeds.

Feeding tomato seedlings at home with folk remedies

If you used soil enriched with nutritional compounds, then active feeding of seedlings is not required. In this case, it is possible to help her faster and better to form seedlings with the help of folk remedies.

Important: the first top dressing of tomato seedlings should not take advantage of the education of the first these leaves.

If you do not want to use specially created chemical fertilizers as top dressing, you can use folk remedies. For example, a solution of ash. For its preparation, it is necessary to dissolve 1 teaspoon of ash in two liters of warm water.

Shell is an excellent source of nutrients for tomato seedlings

You can also take advantage of the egg -based feeding. It is poured with water, similarly to the previous recipe, and insisted for four days. Before use, the solution is diluted with water in proportions of one to three and watered.

Fertilizer from banana skins for tomato seedlings

Banana skins contain a lot of potassium. In addition, this product can become a source of phosphorus and magnesium for plants. The last macro element is especially important for the seedlings of grown, on the eve of the garden season, on the windowsill. Magnesium will help plants properly develop even in the absence of the desired amount of sunlight.

Important: Banana skins as fertilizers can only be used at the stage of seedlings. Negative substances can remain in the peel of bananas, which are dangerous primarily to plants that are in the flowering and formation of fruits.

Most often, for feeding tomatoes with banana skins, a water extract is used from this product. To do this, 3-4 Banana skins dried on a battery or in a microwave are placed in a three-liter jar and poured with water to the top. The jar is placed in a warm place and after 3-4 days the solution is filtered. Before use, such a solution must be diluted by half.

Such “banana” water is watered with 500 ml tomatoes per bush.

Yeast top dressing for tomato seedlings

Explosion, which can be found in any grocery store, is a rich source of nutrients for all garden plants. This product is capable of not only introducing beneficial substances into the soil, but also completely rebuild its structure. Such top dressing for tomatoes is especially useful.
Exploring top dressing for tomato seedlings is carried out when the first leaf appeared in seedlings. Such top dressing is not the main one. But, after picking seedlings, such top dressing is extremely necessary.

Tomato seedling in a jar

For the manufacture of yeast top dressing for tomatoes, it is necessary to mix dry yeast (1 bag), sugar (5 hours. Spoons) and sifted wood ash (1 cup). The mixture must be poured with warm water, mix and leave to infuse. When the yeast begins to show activity, it is necessary to dilute the mass of water (1:10). And pour this solution with this solution from a watering can.

How to process tomato seedlings with hydrogen peroxide?

Hydrogen peroxide, along with iodine and boric acid, is another representative of the home first -aid kit that can be used to solve garden problems. First of all, 10%of hydrogen peroxide is used to disinfect seeds before germination.

But, you can use this substance for processing seedlings to combat late blight. In this case, hydrogen peroxide (1 tbsp. Spoon) and iodine (40 drops) are diluted in water (1 bucket). The resulting solution is processed by seedlings of tomatoes and some other garden crops.

How to water tomato seedlings so that it is strong and grew better?

Today to purchase special top dressing for any garden crops is not a problem. For tomatoes you need those that contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. For those who do not want to mix components, in specialized stores you can purchase ready -made complex fertilizers for tomatoes. The best of them are:

"Kemira Lux". Available in the form of rapidly soluble granules. On a bucket of water, add 0.5 - 1 tablespoon of this top dressing. It is a source of nitrogen and potassium.
"Calcium nitrate". As the name implies, this fertilizer contains calcium in large quantities and in the form in which tomatoes can easily learn it. In a bucket of water, it is enough to dilute 20 grams of this top dressing.
"Solution". Fertilizer with a large content of humic substances specially designed for most garden crops. It is introduced under the root during watering or as foliar top dressing using leaves spraying. The concentration is indicated on the packaging.

"Solution" for vegetables

"Magnesium sulfate". Feeding in the form of crystalline powder. It can be used for introducing to the ground when digging or dissolved in water and poured plants under the root. The English salt rich in magnesium will improve not only the tomato crop in quantitative equivalent, but also improve their taste.
"Monophosphate potassium". Top dressing, which is a source of phosphorus and potassium. It can be used both in dry and liquid form. In case of root introduction, you need to dissolve 15 grams of this fertilizer per bucket of water.

How to feed seedlings of tomato ash at home

Ash is a valuable fertilizer for vegetable crops. It contains about 30 minerals useful for plants. Foreword based on ash are well taken by plants.

The ash is woody and plant. The wood ash must be prepared from wood, which is not exposed to mold lesions and other diseases. The ash from burned colored logs, polyethylene and rubber can not be used as fertilizers.

As for the plant ash, that is, one that is made by burning plants, the ash from sunflower and buckwheat is considered the most useful. It contains a lot of potassium and phosphorus.

It is best to feed seedlings with ash infusion. To do this, it is covered in a bucket, filling the container by a third and poured with hot water to the edges. Stiring periodically, it is necessary that the infusion survives for 3 days. Then it must be filtered and used as top dressing.

You can strengthen the growth of tomato seedlings with the help of foliar top dressing ash. For this, every 10 days seedlings are pollinated with a thin layer of ash. In addition to the main function, such processing will scare off pests and minimize the risk of diseases.

Top dressing of tomato and pepper seedlings

The main advantage of using iodine when growing tomato seedlings is the availability of this product. There is iodine in every first -aid kit and making a plant for feeding the plant from it will not be difficult.

Iodine is used in crop production for the treatment of diseases of seedlings. For these purposes, it is diluted in water (2 drops per 1 liter) and plants are watered.

Treatment of tomato diseases with iodine

Also, based on iodine, you can make a complex top dressing. To do this, not only iodine (10 g) is added to the water, but also potassium (20 g) with phosphorus (10 g).

How often to water tomato seedlings on the windowsill?

Proper watering of tomato seedlings is the basis of a future good crop. If this case is not paid to due attention, then seedlings may not survive before transplanting into open ground. The disadvantage of water can lead to the fact that the roots of tomato seedlings will dry out, and the plant itself will die.

If you water seedlings with an excessive amount of water, then this can lead to the fact that seedlings will not receive oxygen. Moreover, excess moisture can lead to the development of various diseases of seedlings. In particular, rot.

The first watering of tomato seedlings must be done on the second or third day of mass passage of seedlings. At this moment, it is necessary to water the seedlings with a small watering can so that the jet of water does not cause trouble to plants.

The next watering must be carried out no later than 7 days after this watering. And in the future it is necessary to water seedlings once every two weeks. And you need to do this in the morning. After lunch, watering tomatoes seedlings is not advisable.

1-2 days before diving watering seedlings must be stopped. After this procedure, regular watering is resumed after 4 days. When the seedlings have 5 leaflets, watering should be done more often. Every 3-4 days.

What lighting is needed for tomato seedlings at home?

Since the seedlings of tomatoes are planted even until the moment when the plant is enough daylight, it needs to help it form with additional lighting. First of all, you need to choose the right lamps. Plants do not need ordinary incandescent lamps, since they do not radiate the entire light spectrum.

As a backlight for tomato seedlings, it is best to use fluorescent lamps or LED lamps. LED lamps are especially good for this. They shine in a full spectrum and at the same time do not heat seedlings and earth.

Highlighting seedlings

It is necessary to drain the seedlings of tomatoes if the daylight day lasts less than 12 hours. If there is not enough light of light, then you need to make a reflective screen and install a light source under it. If the LED lamps are selected, then the distance from them to seedlings does not matter.

But, if the light source is selected, which simultaneously heats the air with illumination, then it is necessary to withstand such a distance from seedlings to the lamp so that the light source does not burn the plant and does not heat the earth. For these purposes, put your hand over seedlings and hang a lamp. If the hand does not heat up, then the distance is chosen correctly.

Growing tomato seedlings on toilet paper without earth

It is difficult to surprise someone to surprise someone today. Moreover, some experienced gardeners are increasingly abandoning earthly soil at the stage of growing seedlings. After all, it is an ideal place for the development of such a disease as a black leg. It is especially harmful to seedlings, while an adult plant practically does not suffer from it.

In addition, the first few days of development of seedlings, the sprouts of the new plant, everyone receives from the reserves of their home - seeds. Therefore, at this stage of life, they do not need earth. And some enthusiasts successfully replace the traditional substrate with ordinary toilet paper.

This method in domestic gardening is called "Moscow." In order to grow seedlings without earth, several strips of polyethylene, a plastic bottle and toilet paper are necessary. Naturally, it should not contain various impurities, gallows and flavorings.

On strips of polyethylene, 12 cm wide, it is necessary to lay the toilet paper in two layers. Between the paper we lay out the seeds of tomatoes. The distance between them should be at least 3 cm.

Now you need to moisturize the substrate. To do this, take a spray gun and spray moisture on toilet paper. And we cover the “bed” with a second strip of polyethylene. We turn it into a roll and place it in a plastic bottle. In which you need to pour a little water (3 cm).

After a week, the first sprouts will appear from toilet paper. And after another 15 days it is transplanted into the ground for growing. If you have a special seedling for this case, then it is best to move the seedlings to it. A greenhouse is also suitable for this purpose. It is impossible to plant such seedlings immediately in open ground.

Chinese method of growing tomato seedlings

There are several techniques for growing tomatoes. For tall varieties, the Chinese method is well suited. In this video, you can get to know him in more detail:

What temperature does tomato seedlings withstand?

It is unambiguous to answer the question of what temperature to withstand tomato seedlings cannot be withstanded. It all depends on the variety of tomatoes. But, with an average temperature, at which the seedlings will feel normally, is +5 to +8 degrees.

When and how to plant tomato seedlings in a greenhouse?

The competent cultivation of tomatoes in the greenhouse begins with the proper transplantation of seedlings into it. Today, the most popular species of greenhouses are those that use polyethylene and polycarbonate. The second option has many advantages. The main of which is an increase in the garden season. In the polycarbonate greenhouse, you can plant tomato seedlings at the end of February. At the same time, the main thing is to provide them with the necessary temperature and lighting.

Before planting seedlings in the greenhouse, it needs to be hardened. To do this, in the room where seedlings are grown, it is necessary to open the windows. If the weather allows, then seedlings can even be periodically taken out into the street. This will help her adapt faster in surrounding conditions.

Cooling seedlings

Immediately before planting seedlings in a greenhouse, it must be treated with a burgundy liquid. Two days before such a transplant, the seedlings need to cut off 2-3 lower leaves. This will accelerate seedlings in a new place and the appearance of the first flower brushes.

Five hours before transplantation, seedlings must be abundantly watered. Planting place also needs watering. Then holes are made, in each of which a small amount of humus is placed. It is mixed with the ground into which the plant is planted.

The earth must be slightly shaken and watered abundantly. Around the seedling, it is necessary to pour sawdust or use another type of mulch. If the plant is high, then you can carefully drive the pegs next to it and tie up tomato seedlings to it.

When and how to plant tomato seedlings in open ground?

Planting tomatoes in open ground fundamentally does not differ from the algorithm described above. The main thing is to choose the right place on the site. The beds with tomatoes must be placed in the sunny place of your garden. Moreover, it should be closed from drafts.

If you have been planting tomatoes in your garden for several years, then alternate sites. In one and the same place, it is undesirable to plant this plant. Since there is a great risk of infection of tomatoes with late blight.

The time of planting tomato seedlings in open ground is chosen in which threats of frosts are completely excluded.