Malina care in the spring: planting with seedlings, pruning, top dressing, processing from diseases and pests, tips. How to plant and transplant raspberries in the spring in open ground: step -by -step instructions

Find out what to do with raspberries in the spring, so that in the summer she gives a rich harvest of sweet berries.

The better the care of the raspberry bush in the spring, the larger and more numerous there will be berries on it.

When to cut raspberries: in spring or autumn?

The trimming of raspberries is a troublesome business, but necessary. Not only does the growing bushes look uneatable, but the harvest on them will be scarce every year.

The structure of the raspberry bush.

Gardeners know that the shoots on the raspberry bush are actively fruiting only two years:

• the first year they grow and strengthen
• second - they die after they give the crop

Experienced gardeners make raspberries in the spring. How and when to do it?

Important: the best time to cut raspberries is the beginning of spring until April or early May, depending on the climatic strip of growth. The south of the region, the earlier you can start pruning, right after snow departure in early March.

The pruning of raspberries can be carried out in spring and autumn, but the spring months are more favorable.

1. At first, dried, weak -looking branches are cut off by a secateur. If a stem has frozen, it needs to be cut to the level of a healthy kidney.
2. Annual shoots need to be protected, leaving only 5 - 8 of them on each bush.
3. It is advisable to leave between the bushes the intervals of 10 - 15 cm.
4. Next, you need to start shortening the remaining stems so that the shoot length is from about 1 m 20 cm to 1m 50 cm.

The pruning of raspberry bushes can be done in the fall, three weeks before the onset of winter. During such trimming, the bush eliminate shoots that obviously will not move the winter:

• old
• already bear fruit
• with damage
• obviously weak

Raspberry trimming scheme.

Autumn pruning is accompanied by a number of events.

1. Too overgrown bushes are better to finish, removing the stems thickening them.
2. The most optimal distance between the bushes will be approximately 60 cm.
3. If there are 4-5 well-developed, strong shoots on the bushes, the next year raspberries will be large and numerous.
4. Leaflets on raspberry bushes try to trim without damaging the kidneys of the plant. It is necessary to remove them so that they do not rot, do not spoil the entire bush and do not break the growth of the kidneys.
5. Before winter, raspberry bushes should be squeezed, feed and remove weeds around them. In conditions of low -snow winter, the bushes must be additionally filled with snow.

Important: the height of raspberry bushes must be left at a level of 30 cm from the ground.

Double pruning diagram of raspberries.

VIDEO: The trimming of raspberries in the spring

How to plant and transplant raspberries in seedlings in the spring: step -by -step instructions

Features of landing and transplanting raspberries are as follows:

1. The choice and preparation of a site for planting and transplanting raspberries.
   The site should have enough sunlight, fertile kidney, wind protection. The best place may be a place behind the house or along the fence. By the way, shoots can be tied to the fence. Do not plant raspberry bushes next to the beds of potatoes, tomatoes, strawberries, as well as under fruit trees.
2. Preparation and fertilizer of soil before planting and transplanting raspberry shrubs.
   It is advisable to implant manure (about 30 kg per square meter), superphosphate (110g), potassium sulfate (50 g), wood ash (500g). It should be noted that more fertilizers will be needed in sandy soil.
   Fertilizers are laid in pre -dug pits, and land is used as the upper layer.
3. Landing seedlings. After the holes are made, two or three seedlings are planted in them.
   If it is supposed to plant a number of seedlings, then between them you need to leave a distance about one and a half meters, and the distance between the stems themselves should be approximately 70-75 cm.
4. Garter. If the ranks of raspberry bushes are planted, then they are tied, arranging pegs between the bushes and connecting from a strong rope or rope. Copper wire may also be suitable. The garter is especially important for the lower layer, for annual shoots, so that the crop is good. In principle, three vertical layers of garter will be enough, but if the bushes are high, you can organize the fourth layer.
5. Transfer. Gardeners recommend changing the location of raspberry bushes every five to six years. The transplantation of bushes is made in the spring on the same principle.

Raspberry seedlings.

How to propagate raspberries in the spring?

The spring months are the best time to reproduce raspberries, although some successfully make a transplant in summer and autumn.
Before breeding raspberries, you need to prepare:

• material of good grade
• garden tools
• soil fertilizer substrate

You can propagate raspberries:

• offspring
• cuttings: young green and root
• the root of the root is young

Propagation by offspring

Burning cuttings on the bushes of raspberries are up to 20 pieces. Choose the one that seems to be the most fast and strong, carefully dug up so as not to damage the roots.

Then it is planted in a hole prepared in advance, and covered with earth. By the way, the place from which the basal stalk is dug is also thoroughly and immediately bury, so as not to expose the roots of the adult bush, not let them dry.

Raspberry propagation by offspring.

Propagation by young green cuttings

This method is suitable if there is a greenhouse where it will be possible to root and grow cuttings. The greenhouse should be approximately 25 degrees, it is also important to have high humidity in it.

1. In the spring or summer, the bush grows many young processes, they are cut as close to the ground as possible. There should be several kidneys on the cuttings.
2. In order for the future root system to develop well, you can cut the grooves along the stem on cuttings. Then roots are formed in these places.
3. After that, the cuttings are planted in a greenhouse with soil consisting of sand and peat.
4. Cuttings need to be regularly fed with microelements and sprayed with water several times a day.

Raspberry cuttings in a greenhouse.

Propagation by root cuttings

The most suitable way to propagate the repair varieties of raspberries.

1. The roots are selected, for example, after transplanting, which have 2 cm in diameter and length of 10 cm.
2. The roots are planted in pits to a depth of 5 cm, more tightly to one another, digging.
3. Planted roots should be watered and covered with a film and cloth. In this case, stagnation of water should not form so that the roots do not rot.
4. Soon the sprouts will appear, followed by ordinary care.

Propagation of young root.

Such a shoot grows around maternal bushes. Small green sprouts dig and transplant separately. You need to dig them together with a lump of earth and placed in separate holes. They need to be regularly watered and wait until they take root. The next year they will already bear fruit.

Reproduction with seeds

This method of propagation is suitable for those who love to tinker with their garden.

1. Raspberries do not collect berries, but bring to a state of perempy. After they can be collected, crushed, rinse and dry.
2. Drived seeds are laid out in linen bags, sprinkling them with sawdust and placing them in a cool place, for example, in a cellar, for three months.
3. After this time, the seeds get out. Next, mix with wet sand and dug up the mixture into light soil to a depth of about 2 cm.
4. They should be covered with a film after planting and trying to maintain in moist soil until the shoots grow.

Raspberry seeds.

How to trim the raspberries in the spring?

In the spring, in May, you can produce the so -called double pruning of the bushes.

1. In young shoots, 70-100 cm in height must be pinned by 10-15 cm. The growth of the bush up will be limited, but the active development of lateral shoots will occur. By the end of the season, by August, such a bush will reach half a meter in height, and it will have the right number of young healthy shoots, ready to winter.
2. A year later, with the advent of the first leaves, a second pruning is made. It consists in cutting the tops of the overwintering side shoots so that the bush grows more intensively and develops. Then new shoots will appear from sleeping buds, which by the beginning of the season will be ready to actively bear fruit. The pruning of the tops must be done by 10 - 15 cm.

The trimming of raspberries.

Good and regularly well -groomed raspberry bushes can be subjected to double pruning and one year.

Spring raspberry processing from pests with copper sulfate

They treat raspberries with copper sulfate to avoid fungal diseases, for example, anthractosis or gray rot.

The fungal disease of the raspberry bush.

Important: processing with copper sulfate prevents these diseases, and does not heal them.

1. It is necessary to learn clearly: you can not process raspberries during the growing season and growth so that copper sulfate does not accumulate in the stems and berries.
2. Be sure to process raspberries and earth around the bushes in spring.
3. An approximate concentration of solution: 1% sulfate, that is, 100g, per bucket of water.

Copper coupor for processing raspberry bushes.

VIDEO: Malina's summer disease is a gray rot. How to fight?

Why do leaves turn yellow on raspberries in the spring?

The reasons for the yellowing of the leaves on the raspberry are several, from natural, in the fall, to plant diseases.

The yellowing of raspberry leaves in the spring speaks of plant illness.

Such diseases are:

1. Root cancer and abyness of roots. Before planting or transplanting raspberry bushes, you need to pay attention to the roots. If there are bloating on them, then they need to be removed, and the cut is treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate.
2. Viral diseases, manifested in specks, spotting of leaves or stains on them. If such leaves appear, they need to be removed immediately.
3. The lack of ventilation among the bushes, the lack of light, the faster drawing out. It is recommended to thin out the bushes, pruning old branches and top dressing.

How to feed raspberries in early spring: fertilizer

Fertilizer for raspberries should evenly combine organic and inorganic substances.
From mineral fertilizers, they use:

• superphosphate
• potassium fertilizers (or wood ash)
• nitrogen fertilizers

From organic fertilizers, they use:

• compost
• overpass manure
• peat

Feeding of raspberry bushes.

A solution with mineral fertilizers for raspberries (1 sq. M):

• 20 - 25 g of ammonium nitrate
• 50 g of urea
• 150 g of ash
• 60 g of superphosphate
• 40 g of potassium salt
• on a bucket of water

How to make a solution with organic fertilizers for raspberries:

• 6 kg of overripe manure
• 10 kg of overripe compost

IMPORTANT: It is good to combine both types of fertilizers, for example: 1, 5 kg of manure + 2 g of nitrogen + 3g potassium + 2 g of phosphorus per 1 sq.m.

In the spring, top dressing is best applied after pruning shoots, weeding weeds and loosening the soil.
Top dressing in two stages:

1. In the spring with nitrogen fertilizers in the first year of raspberry growth, and other other fertilizers after a 3-year-old bush growth period. Especially important is manure and nitrogen fertilizers.
2. In early June according to the same scheme.

Raspberry Care in the spring: Councils of experienced gardeners

Well -groomed raspberry bushes.

Unfortunately, raspberries, along with other plants, are subject to diseases, precipitation of insects, and other troubles. Behind raspberries, as, however, for any living organism, is needed care. If everything is done regularly, then this plant will not cause large special troubles, but on the contrary, it will delight with a fragrant, delicious and healthy harvest. Gardeners recommend mandatory processing of raspberry bushes with special chemicals twice a year. As an option, it is recommended to spray with soapy soap soap.

1. For raspberry shrubs, preparations for winter are necessary so that the plant does not freeze and give a crop.
2. In the winter, leaves are removed from the bushes, the branches are bent to the ground and covered with straw, if there is a cold winter.
3. Gardeners suggest that instead of manure, you can use a rotted compost based on bird droppings, wood foliage, corn stumps, peat, garden weeds. 1 sq.m. You will need it
   10 kg of compost.

In order for raspberries to drop large and sweet berries, experienced gardeners recommend carefully care for her in the spring.

VIDEO: What to do in the spring with raspberries?