What the edible and inedible mushrooms of honey mushrooms look like, how to distinguish gogans and false mushrooms from real ones - varieties of mushrooms: description, photo with names. When, how many autumn, winter, spring and summer in the forest, and when to collect them grow?

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Detailed information about mushrooms of honey agarics: types, photos, places and terms of growth, distinctive signs of inedible.

Nedata is the most common mushrooms. They are familiar even to a novice mushroom pipe. But their diversity, sometimes, even scientists involved in the study of mushrooms, introduces into doubt in determining their species. But honey mushrooms are not only edible, but also deadly poisonous.

Therefore, before going to the forest, get acquainted with the main, most often encountered species of mushrooms.

Types of edible mushrooms - Assumption, summer, meadow, Chinese, autumn, winter, thick -legged, mucous mucous membranes, scum garlic: description, photo


Summer (Kuehneromyces Mutabilis)

Hat Plates Leg
  • 3-8 cm
  • Holding
  • Closed
  • As it grows, almost open
  • Smooth
  • Yellow-brown with a dark edge
  • Pale clan-yellow
  • With age, rust-brown
  • In young mushrooms, they are closed with white or yellow film
  • Solid
  • Dense
  • Yellow-brown
  • 3-8 cm long
  • 6-12 mm thick
  • The ring is white
  • Below the ring is covered with scales

Meadow (lat. Marasmius Oreades)

Hat Plates Leg
  • 3-5 cm
  • Holding
  • Convex
  • With age, opened with a dull hump
  • Smooth
  • Light-horn, occasionally light-and-red
  • Rare
  • Young mushrooms have grown, later free
  • In the rain ocher, in dry weather-creamy-white
  • Height-3-10 cm
  • Thin-barhat
  • Svetly-chrya

Seddle -toe scales (lat. Pholiota Nameko)

Hat Leg
  • Orange or brown
  • From 1 to 2 cm in diameter
  • Slippery
  • Several thin, about 5 cm high from one base

Autumn (Armillaria Mellea) or Assumption

Hat Plates Leg
  • Fleshy
  • 3-10 cm
  • Holding
  • As it grows convex
  • Matte
  • Covered in small scales
  • Yellow-cream
  • Young yellow-white, hidden under the veil
  • Then acquire a light red or gray-yellow color
  • 5.3-10.1 cm long
  • Thickness 1.1-2.2 cm
  • With shingles of whitish rags, in the upper part

Winter (Flammulina Velutipes)

Hat Plates Leg
  • Diameter 2.5 - 8.5 cm
  • Young - elongated in the form of a bell or convex
  • Later-straightens, becomes a sticky, light yellow or red-brown
  • Frequent
  • White-red or white
  • Thin
  • Hard
  • Velvety
  • Without a ring
  • First to match the hat, not very hard
  • With age acquires brown or brown-black color and stiffness

Thick -legged (lat. Armillaria lutea, Armillaria gallica)

Hat Plates Leg
  • Diameter from 2.5 to 10 cm
  • Initially in the form of an expanded cone with tucked edges
  • Over time - flat with descending edges
  • Brownish-brown, beige or pinkish
  • The center is strewn with dry hide-brown-brown-brown-shaped scales
  • Frequent
  • Light, they are drilling over time
  • The pulp is light, tasting astringent, with a soft smell of cheese
  • Low
  • Straight
  • Below thickened in the form of a bulb
  • Under the ring - brown
  • Above - whitish, at the base - gray

Mucous or udemansella mucous membrane (lat. Oudemansiella mucida)

Hat Plates Leg
  • In the form of a wide cone
  • As it grows, it opens and becomes flat
  • Dry
  • Olive-gray color
  • As it ages becomes the mucosa, whitish or beige with yellowness
  • Rare
  • Yellowish
  • The pulp is tasteless, without smell, white
  • Curved
  • 2-8 cm long
  • Diameter from 2 to 4 mm
  • With a thick mucous ring
  • Without scales
  • Under the hat covered with brown flakes
  • The base has a characteristic thickening

Garlic ordinary (lat. Mycetinis scorodonius, Marasmius scorodonius)

Hat Plates Leg
  • Convex or hemispherical
  • Diameter up to 2.5 cm, occasionally up to 5
  • Color: in rainy weather and fogs- brownish-red, in dry- cream
  • Light
  • Rare
  • Hard
  • Brilliant
  • Brown-black shade
  • Darker from below
  • Thickness about 0.5 cm

How to determine false mushrooms: signs

  1. The most important feature is that false mushrooms do not have a captured ring (skirt) on the leg
  2. Have an unpleasant earthy smell
  3. The color of the hats is bright
  4. Smooth hats without scales
  5. The plates are yellow, as they grow, they become greenish or olive-black
  6. When eating bitterness

How to distinguish the guesses from the actual mushrooms?

note

Edible False
A ring on the leg
  • Have
  • Do not have at all or just small shreds
Left of the legs, cm
  • 2-6 (exception-lungs, can reach 30 cm)
  • to 10
Plates
Pale yellow or creamy
  • Yellow
  • Subsequently-green, dark olive and almost black
Hats
  • Black: pale brown, with small dark scales
  • As they grow up, the scales disappear
  • Brightly exposed: yellow-gray, rusty red or red-brown
  • There are no scales
Taste qualities
  • Delicious
  • No different from edible
  • Occasionally it has a bitter taste
Smell
  • Nice harsh mushroom
  • Mold or earthen
When getting into the water
  • Blue
  • Blake

What stumps are mushrooms of honey mushrooms grow on?


Beautiful necklace

  • Parasitizing mushroom individuals multiply mainly on the dead remains of the trees
  • They grow on wood of about two hundred different breeds
  • Summer species of mushrooms can be found near deciduous stumps: birch, linden, aspen, etc.
  • Autumn mushroom is found everywhere, on any species of trees
  • To collect a good crop of mushrooms, it is not necessary to look for them next to a certain breed of trees, you just need to know the places where they are more likely to come across:
  1. on cornflowing snags or fallen logs in deciduous forests
  2. in cuts and ravines
  • Having discovered the first find, inspect this site - there will definitely be others nearby

When they appear, and how much, and where the mushrooms are growing in autumn, winter, spring and summer in the forest, and when to collect them?

  • The most important factor in mushroom growth is the temperature regime: most mushrooms require +15-26 ° C.
  • Autumn, spring and winter mushrooms are enough +3-5 ° C.
  • The optimum summer reproduction temperature is +23 ° C, and there is enough autumn and spring - +12 ° C.
  • In addition to optimal temperature conditions, good humidity is necessary for successful growth.
  • In the presence of optimal warm and wet conditions, they are stretched in a day.
  • The lifetime of mycelium depends on their belonging to the form.
  • Fluctuates within 11-14 days.
Category of mushrooms When appear when they collect them Where they grow How much is growing, days
autumn
  • in the end of August
  • peak - September
  • ends in the middle of October
  • in the wet forests of the northern part of the hemisphere
  • peny of deciduous trees
6-8, you can find bypassing the day from the moment growth
summer
  • in the first April numbers, until November
  • in warm climatic conditions they collect all seasons
  • prefer deciduous trees, sometimes found on pine trees
9-12, ready to collect after 1-3 days
winter
  • found in the autumn or spring periods
  • appear in October and can bear fruit until March
  • on stumps of poplars, birch and willow
9-12, ready to collect after 2-3 days
spring
  • end of May - early October
  • growth peak - July

 

  • under oaks and pines in mixed forests
9-12, the first myceliums appear after 2-3 days

Can there be poisoning mushrooms with mushrooms: what are the symptoms of poisoning, after what time they appear?


Be carefull

Poisoning can be obtained both poisonous and edible varieties of a mushroom, the last in case of their poor quality.

  • The first symptoms of poisoning with rotten boiled or poor edible individualsappear 1-2 hours after their use, in the form:
  1. Sickening attacks and vomiting
  2. Diarrhea
  3. Pain in the gastric and intestinal zones
  4. Heartburn and belching
  5. General weakness
  6. Headache
  7. Increasing body temperature to 37.5 degrees
  8. Increased gas formation in the intestines
  • False mushrooms, Mistakely accepted for food, cause the first symptoms of poisoning after 15-20 minutes. Develop brightly, instantly violate the patient's condition, expressed:
  1. Strong dizziness and impaired coordination
  2. Nausea and vomiting. First, food residues come out, then gastric juice and bile
  3. Violation of breathing - turns into superficial, frequent, accompanied by shortness of breath, there is a lack of air
  4. Bright mirage - auditory, tactile or audience
  5. Abundant and multiple diarrhea
  6. Convulsions - partial or common
  7. Impaired awareness, even a coma is possible

Popular gifts of nature are unusually appetizing in any form:

  • fried
  • stewed
  • pickled
  • salted

In time, a well -collected successful crop will enjoy yourself and treat the guests with useful gifts of nature in winter.

Video: Mushrooms of October: Autumn mushrooms