How to plant an apple tree in the spring: step -by -step instructions. How to cut, how to fertilize and spray apple trees in the spring from pests, boys and diseases?

Caring for an apple tree in the spring - transplantation, top dressing, watering, spraying, pest fighting.

Each gardener necessarily plants an apple tree on its own site, tries to choose several of its varieties.

And in order to collect a rich yab of apples in the near future, he in the early years work hard and takes care of young seedlings. He does not forget about watering, top dressing, circumcision of branches, treatment and prevention of diseases, winter shelter and for older trees.

Let us consider in more detail the features of caring for apple trees in the spring.

When is it better to plant apple trees: spring or autumn?

a number of apple trees with fruits planted a year ago in the spring

Elector seedlings plant in spring and autumn.

In the fall, it is better to do this:

• if you bought a seedling with good healthy roots and branches, which was smacked no earlier than mid -September,
• for varieties suitable for your area,
• if the winter in the region of their future growth is moderate, the temperature drops at least -20 ℃. Otherwise, it is more rational to plant young apple trees in early spring.

How to plant an apple tree in the spring: the distance between the trees, the scheme

tools for planting apple trees in the spring on the site

Consider the variety of trees and their splendor of the crown:

• if it is spreading, the optimal distance between the holes is 5x5 meters,
• the average is 4x4, closer to the dwarf - 4x3, dwarf varieties - 3x2.

As an example, we give a scheme for the location of the colonial seedlings of apple trees:

scheme of planting seedlings of a columnar apple tree with designation of distances between the trees

How to plant an apple tree in the spring: step -by -step instructions

dug pit for planting an apple tree with folded earth in a wheelbarrow

Plan the apple tree to plant in the spring for the second half of April. But choose a place in advance - either in late autumn or early in the spring immediately after the snow melts.

Experienced gardeners recommend cooking holes under the apple trees in the fall.

• Dig a hole in a week and a half before planting a seedling. Fold the upper layer of soil on one side, the ground from the depths on the other.
• The dimensions of the hole-luncher-80 cm deep, diameter 1 meter. Such a depth is due to the introduction of fertilizers and other soil products to align the condition of the soil.
• Loose the bottom of the pit to a depth of 30 cm with a crowbar. Add a handful of walnut shells, a pair of cans or old iron.
• If the type of soil is black soil and loam, pour the hole on a third of the earth removed from the upper part when it is dug.
• If there are soil features, then dilute with clay peat, river sand, compost, and sandy with peat, clay mixture, humus and compost. Add the upper layer of the earth removed when digging the pit.

Bring mineral organic fertilizers:

• eating maneuver - 3 buckets
• superphosphate - 1 cup
• potassium sulfate - 4 tablespoons
• wood ash - 10 tablespoons

Pour a bucket of water on top and add a little fertile soil.

• Mix everything in the pit and form a hill in the center, which will be 15-20 cm above the ground level. In a week, it will pass significantly.
• Drive a wooden stake in the center so that it towers 0.5 meters above the ground. The stake will serve as a support for the young apple tree until it gets stronger.
• On the earthen hill, the holes carefully lay out the roots of the seedling so that the root neck is raised to the height of the matchbox above the surface of the earth.
• Sprinkle the roots with the ground half, tamp around the barrel and pour 5 liters of water.
• Add the lands to 100% of the pit filling, tamp slightly around the tree and stronger closer to the walls of the pit. Pour with water abundantly. The soil saturation indicator is its free penetration. Therefore, 3-4 buckets will easily enter the pit.
• To the peg located on the south of the seedling, tie the tree with an eight.
• Repeat the abundant watering of the young apple tree a week after planting.

Below the scheme of a properly planted apple tree and a step -by -step action plan of the above material:

schematic pattern of the correct location of the apple tree seedling after planting

scheme of the sequence of work on the post of seedlings of apple tree

How to transplant the apple tree in the spring to a new place?

a man sprinkles an apple tree with earth

• Firstly, plan the transplant early while the kidneys of the apple trees are at rest.
• Choose a cloudy day or take an event in the evening. Manipulations with transplanting in winter are possible if the temperature does not drop below +5 ℃.
• Wrap the apple tree trunk with rags so as not to damage the bark.
• Mark the cardinal points to preserve the orientation of branches in a new place. This item is important for the speed of awakening the apple tree and maintaining its well -being in a new place.
• Dig a tree around the perimeter of its crown with a recess of up to 0.5 m. Do not shake the ground. If it is too dry, give out a bucket of water on it so that the roots before planting are in moisture.
• Put a lump with a pitchfork and cross it to cellophane/burlap. Tie the roots with the ground with packaging material.
• If you need to transport, place a dug tree on a thick layer of sawdust and overthrow the earthen lump with the roots of the boards.
• Try to plant a dug tree in a new place as soon as possible.
• Prepare the pit in advance. Its diameter should be 1.5 meters or 0.5 meters wider and deeper than a strain of shaft with a seedling.
• Remove all weeds and their roots during the digging of the pit, make fertilizers and soil correctors for the soil in accordance with the recommendations of the section above.
• Prepare 3 wooden pegs and ropes to tie a tree.
• Place the apple tree so that its roots lie in the pit on the basis, and stepped over the ring risen 6-7 cm at the ground level.
• Sprinkle with fertile soil and flood, moving from the barrel to the walls of the pit. Apply the maximum efforts as far from the barrel.
• Pour 2-3 buckets of water apple and repeat the procedure in a week.

Processing apple trees in spring from pests, boys and diseases with copper sulfate

gardener sprinkles apple trees while blooming kidneys in the spring

For the spring period, gardeners have planned several measures to spray apple trees with copper sulfate and other means. We will consider the first.

To save the blossoming tree from the larvae and pathogens of fungal lesions in the bark, treat the apple trees before swelling of the kidneys. The optimum ambient temperature is from +5 ℃.

• First, walk on the barrel and branches. She will comb an old and frozen bark, under which pests are hidden.
• Put the processing of apple trees with copper sulfate if the day is sunny and hot. At air temperatures 30 and higher ℃ This drug will become a poison for your apple tree.
• If the previous moment was missed, perform spraying after their awakening. So you neutralize the larvae of parasites that affect the kidneys and young leaves.

Copper sulfate will help eliminate the steam, anthracnosis, ticks, the deer eater, if you treat them with apple trees immediately after their flowering.

Cook a solution for spraying from:

• copper sulfate 100 g
• water 10 l

Carefully process:

• the trunk and branches, when the buds have not yet blossomed on them,
• the barrel, branches and each sheet, when you carry out, an event to protect against pests and diseases in late spring.

What else to spray apple trees in the spring from pests?

a man spray the apple orchard from pests

The list of products that help neutralize larvae, insects, fungi that cause diseases in apple trees are wide in gardeners. Among them you will find both chemicals and natural, folk.

The first is:

• inkstone
• colloid sulfur
• bordeaux liquid
• chlorophos
• nitrate
• fungicide
• sevin's suspension
• other special solutions and powders with which the shelves of garden stores abound

The second is:

• garlic
• tobacco
• urea, or urea
• laundry soap

When to remove the shelter from apple trees in the spring? Incorrect apple trees in the spring: what to whiten?

girl Belit apples in the spring

Before you remove the winter shelter from apple trees, take note:

• your geographical position. Spring may come to you in March, or maybe at the end of April,
• changes in climatic conditions. Когда температура воздуха и днем \u200b\u200bи ночью плюсовая, а в светлое время суток повышается до +15℃ и выше,
• that the tree will experience severe stress if you remove the shelter at a time. In addition to freezing at night, lesions by pests of the thin bark, the sun can cause burns on it.

For the middle strip, the optimal time for removing the winter shelter from the apple tree is the second half of April. At the same time, the duration of the procedure is 3-4 days.

After the spring opening of the apple tree trunk, protect it from sunlight and overheating with whitewashing. She is:

• will create an additional layer on the trunk after removing the old bark,
• will protect the tree from overheating and freezing during spring temperature changes,
• prevents the cracking of the bark due to the influence of variable temperatures,
• serves as a reflector for hot sunlight.

There is a difference in the composition of the liquid for whitewashing young seedlings and adult apple trees. The main ingredients are lime and water. Additional:

• clay
• chancellery glue
• milk
• copper sulfate
• dDT powder
• a piece of chalk

To young trees, prepare a solution for whitewashing from chalk, not lime. Use the latter to process adult apple trees.

Mix:

• 300 g of lime
• 2 tbsp glue or 0.5 cups of milk or 300 g of white clay
• 2 l of water
• 1 tbsp of copper sulfate and DDT powder

Apply to the barrel in one movement. The solution will turn out to be viscous enough to immediately grab the bark.
Drive on sunny dry days.

How to correct the apple tree in the spring for beginners: scheme

the gardener cuts the apple tree in the spring with garden scissors

The apple tree should definitely be trimmed from the first year of landing. So you:

• form the crown and convenience of collecting the future crop
• retain the strength and integrity of the tree

Some nuances of the procedure:

• follow the barrel and prevent the development of its bifurcation. Cut the second branch, leaving the kidneys for growth vertically,
• follow the rule - thicker branches below, thin - at the top. So you will maintain the stability of the barrel and fruitful branches.

Below 2 Detailed schemes of proper trimming of the seedling and an adult apple tree in the spring for beginner gardeners:

apple tree trimming scheme of different ages

scheme with recommendations for pruning of apple branches, depending on their location and structure

How to feed and fertilize the apple tree in the spring?

a bucket with green fertilizer of weeds and water before feeding the apple tree

We examined the main list and sequence of fertilizers in the spring for young seedlings in sections above.

For rooted apple trees growing in one place for more than one year, use:

• compost
• mullein
• bird litter
• ash
• boric acid
• nitrogen -containing organics

Dilute the ingredients by 2 times the slopes of the recommended doses.

The scheme for introducing spring feeding apple trees consists of 3 stages:

• 1 - loosen the ground around the barrel and make an ammonium nitrate 30 g to the choice, urea - 1 cup, rotten manure - 5 buckets. These norms for one tree,
• 2 - during the period of blooming.
  Add water solutions to the choice of superphosphate 100 g around the perimeter of the crown around the trunk, a chicken mark of 2 liters, dung slings 5 \u200b\u200bl, urea 1 cup.
  The norms are indicated for 10 liters of water. Under each tree, add 3-4 buckets of a flaring solution,
• 3 - after flowering, for example, green fertilizer. Pour water on any grass with water, weeds are suitable, in a proportion of 1:10. Cover the bucket with polyethylene, pierce several holes in it. After 2-2.5 weeks, pour the infusion into the basal zone of the apple tree.

An alternative method of feeding is spraying with a aqueous solution of urea during the release of leaves. Mix 100 g of substance with 10 liters of water and treat each branch of the apple tree. Choose a cool cloudy day for work.

When to water the apple trees in the spring?

lake and high boots - inventory for watering apple trees

Immediately after planting young apple tree seedlings, pour them from a watering can with a cutter. So you will ensure the ingress of liquid to the roots, and not spreading it around the hole in the site.

Until the Earth in the hole does not go once a week, drink young seedlings until the flowers bloom.

Next, pay attention to weather conditions. The scorching sun, the lack of rain for a long time are factors for the obligatory watering of all fruit trees, not only apple trees.

To nourish moisture branches, sprinkle - sprinkling water from the hose. Carry out the procedure in the evening after sunset. Its necessity is due to a long arid period without rains.

So, we learned to plant young apple trees, take care of them in the spring in order to maintain their health and the ability to a good harvest.

Video: How to correct the apple tree in the spring?