What stones and minerals are attributed to precious noble stones: classification of precious stones. What color are precious stones? Types, names and colors of precious stones for jewelry and jewelry: a list, a brief description with photos

Precious, semiprecious and crafts vary in their composition, characteristics, appearance and price. You can determine the origin of the stone using tables and tests, and choose - only with the heart.

Dear precious stones are able to hit with their splendor and chic noble radiance. They can become both reliable investment and magnificent decorations.

Precious stones are often used in combination with gold, platinum and silver for the manufacture of jewelry.

What stones, gems and minerals belong to precious noble stones: classification of precious stones

Gems - Rare minerals, which are characterized by bright homogeneous coloring and brilliance, or complete transparency. They are solid, durable, have high resistance to abrasion and wear. The complexity of the cutting in combination with unique properties is determining in the cost of stones.

Opaque or translucent minerals and rocks are called contractor. They admit the presence of interspersed, color drawings.

What stones, gems and minerals belong to precious noble stones

What stones, gems and minerals belong to precious noble stones

Important: both crafts and precious stones can be painted in brighter saturated colors using chemical dyes. It is also permissible artificial change in the color of precious stones by exposure to heat, radioactive radiation, ultraviolet radiation or x -rays.

There are several classifications of precious and crafts.

Classification of precious and crafts

Classification of precious and crafts

Classification of precious stones

Classification of precious stones

The classification was developed by a scientist, geologist, author of textbooks and popular science publications by V. Sobolevsky As a basis in his classification, he used the work of Bauer-Fresman.

Since precious and crafts most often belong to minerals, scientists use their special classification - a unit by classes of minerals:

  • nuggets
  • sulfids
  • halogenes
  • oxides and hydroxides
  • nitrates, carbonates
  • sulfates, molybdates, chromatics, tungsten
  • phosphates, arsenates
  • silicates
  • borats
  • rocks and minerals
  • organic substances
  • nemorineric substances

Technological classification noble stones are divided into 3 types:

  • jewelry stones
  • jewelry and exhibition stones
  • contracting stones

In turn, each of these types is divided into subtypes, groups and subgroups in which stones are sorted by hardness, degree of transparency and homogeneity.

Gems

Gems

Black precious stones: name, description with photo

Despite the fact that black is the color of longing, sorrow and sadness, stones of this color can improve well -being, calm, improve mood.

Support in difficult times, a source of strength and wisdom - this is how to say about a precious stone in black. Mages and sages have long been using black precious stones to concentrate attention and meditation.

Strong black stones are considered onyx, tourmaline, noble spinel and obsidian.

Onyx Purely black is very rare, because multi -colored lines are usually randomly on this stone. But those who are lucky enough to get impeccably black onyx are guaranteed success in business, health and profit, provided that the stone will become a constant companion.

Black onyx

Black onyx

Important: since onyx “absorbs” diseases and troubles, it is necessary to rinse it under running water from time to time to rinse the accumulated negative.

Black turmaline (Sherl) Make it in Brazil. It has a volcanic nature.

Black turmaline (Sherl)

Black turmaline (Sherl)

When heated, it loses its shine, and in artificial light it loses attractiveness. But its uniqueness is not limited to the property of changing under the influence of the external environment. This stone protects its owner from colds, successfully fights endocrine and reproductive diseases, and also eliminates indecision.

Black tourmaline ring

Black tourmaline ring

Noble spinel - The stone of those whose patron is Jupiter, Venus or the sun. If, without removing, wearing a ring with this stone on the index finger of the right hand, life will be filled with new colors, and luck and health will become unchanged companions.

Black spinel

Black spinel

Obsidian - A very popular, but not precious stone. It occurs near volcanoes, as, in fact, it is a volcanic glass of black color. It has a reputation for the "evil", "dark" stone. It is used during magic rituals, in which it is called only "the heart of the devil." The stone is able to protect the mind of its owner from clouding.

Obsidian

Obsidian

Important: black precious stones will be useful where help is required in the struggle, confrontation. But after victory, it is not recommended to immediately remove or replace the jewelry.

Precious stones of light colors: names, list

Bright stones - The choice of people with a subtle mental organization, dreamers and romantics. With their help, you can create or complement a bright, light and at the same time unforgettable brilliant image.

Since there are quite a lot of precious stones of light colors, the list contains the most popular options:

  • Citrine -translucent, yellowish-golden stone.
  • Sapphire -Light purple or light blue, can change the shade.
  • Moon rock - Transparent, shrouded in a light “lunar” haze of a mineral.
  • White opal - translates as “charm of gaze”, contains small inclusions shimmering in the sun.
  • Kunsit -A transparent pink-lilac crystal that has an external similarity to amethyst.
  • Morganite (sparrow) -A type of beryl of pale pink color.
  • Spinel -The expensive noble light-blue church crystal is used to decorate ritual attributes and collection products.
  • Chrysolite -charming semi-precipitious transparent golden greenish stone.
Precious stones of light colors

Jewelry stones

Precious stones that change color depending on lighting: name, list

Some precious stones can change their color. Some of them are pleochro and show different colors at different angles, others have areas of different colors. The most common hameleon stones.

Ametrin It is a quartz stone with yellow and purple transparent stripes. At a certain angle, bright mosaic yellow-purple outbursts appear on this stone.

Ametrin

Ametrin

Andaluzitein the product, it changes colors at different angles.

Andaluzite

Andaluzite

Fluorite - This is a mineral with a wide range of bright colors: from purple, blue, green, yellow, brown and pink to black. Fluorite, of course, deserves the title of the most colorful mineral on the planet. Most mineral samples have only one color, but a significant percentage of fluorite has several colors located in the form of stripes or areas.

In ancient Rome, bowels were made from fluorite for treatment for alcoholism. It was believed that one who drinks wine from such a bowl will forever lose interest in hoppy drinks.

 Fluorite

Fluorite

Sapphire. Rare sapphires change the color under various lighting conditions: they are blue in natural light and purple under the lamp. The color change can also come from pink under daytime natural light to green under artificial. Some sapphires completely change color, while others change only partially.

Sapphire

Sapphire

Moon rock - This is a type of orthoclase belonging to the Field Spatty family. The color of the stone can change from colorless to yellowish-gray, can be translucent or with a shimmering reflection. The lunar stone comes from Sri Lanka, India, Madagascar, Burma, Tanzania and the United States.

Moon rock

Moon rock

Sultanite - It has a rich range of colors and shades that change depending on the number of directed light. In the half, the sultanite shimmers with green, in the bright sun-yellow-brown. It was used for the manufacture of rings and clothes of the sultans and their wives. Currently, creative people consider him their talisman, and magicians use it in rituals and fortune telling. Getten a stone in Turkey.

Sultanite

Sultanite

Transparent precious stones: names, list

Very little precious stones have complete transparency. All of them are capable of refracting the light with their faces, to demonstrate the magnificent effect of the collapse of the beam into different colors. At the same time, a unique shine and radiance are formed, thanks to which the stones seem unusually attractive.

List of transparent precious stones

Diamond He appeared on the surface of the earth's crust thanks to underground explosions. In nature, they are in the form of inclusions in rocks and are found in coastal sand in Australia, South Africa, Russia, Congo. By its nature, it is pure carbon with minor impurities of metals. The price of the diamond determines the quality of its cut.

Diamond

Diamond

Diamond - Processed diamond, a symbol of success, power and luxurious life. The cutting of the diamond consists of 57 faces, 33 of which are located on the crown. In ancient times, it was believed that diamonds have healing power, and jewelry with these stones was allowed to wear only noble people.

Diamond

Diamond

Video: famous diamonds

Rhinestone - a variety of quartz, which was long taken for ice, forever petrified and frozen in a bizarre form with the help of magic spells. The stone can be either completely transparent or changing colors depending on lighting.

They extract high -quality mountain crystal in the Urals, in Crimea and Kazakhstan, in the so -called "crystal cellars." Outwardly, the stone is very reminiscent of a diamond, but it is much cheaper.

The famous Carl Faberge loved to work with a mountain crystal.

Rhinestone

Rhinestone

Colorless sapphire (leukosapfir) - It has amazing brilliance and increased strength. Lukypfix of good quality is a worthy alternative to jewelry diamonds.

Leukosapfir

Leukosapfir

Precious stones of burgundy, red and bright red color: name, description with photo

The holder of jewelry with bright red precious stones will be able to emphasize their influence, strength and power, become the center of attention and catch enthusiastic views.

Ruby - The stone of people accustomed to luxury and brilliance. Its combination with diamonds of diamonds enhances color beauty and emphasizes the status of the holder of the jewelry.

Rubins were valued since ancient times. In the old days, these stones served to decorate the most expensive and significant products. The stone gives passion, sensuality and courage, and also contributes to the normalization of blood pressure and appetite.

Ruby

Ruby

Tourmaline - A precious stone that seems to hide its beauty in the evening. But with the first rays of the sun, he wakes up and shimmers with the most noble shades of red.

Tourmaline

Tourmaline

Story red spinel It has more than a thousand years. This is one of the most expensive and significant stones. The Monomakh hat and the royal crown are decorated with precisely these precious crystals. He gives his owners tender love and does not “crush” his energy.

The spinel is red

The spinel is red

The most popular semiprecious stones of red and bright red color:

  • Garnet
  • Cornelian
  • Coral

Blue precious stone: name, description with photo

Favorites of smart balanced people who tend to make firm decisions - blue stones. The bottomless calm flickering light that these jewelry gives will certainly contribute to an increase in the welfare of its owner.

Saturated blue sapphire It is recognized as healing and capable of protecting from envy, damage and evil eye. In medicine, sapphires are used for the manufacture of artificial eye crystals.

Sapphire

Sapphire

Aquamarine - A stone of honest people. A variety of beryl, reflects the spiritual world and gives positive energy.

Aquamarine is blue

Aquamarine is blue

Jolit - Little -known gem. It has a deep blue color. It can change shades up to a violet, at a certain angle.

Jolit

Jolit

Green precious stones: name, description with photo

Harmony in the soul and tranquility bring green precious stones to the life of their owner.

Perfection emerald He will not leave indifferent the true connoisseur of jewelry. However, the clarity of the lines and the impeccable type of stone can be achieved only if its cutting is of high -quality. The cost of the emerald is determined by the purity of its color. The more impurities in it, the cheaper it will cost. A bad form is considered to wear silver jewelry with an emerald. Gold and platinum are intended as a frame for this stone.

Emerald

Emerald

Tsavit - A stone that is inserted into jewelry in an unprocessed form. The color of the tsavonitis is fully revealed only in a silver cut in the light of day. Get it in Africa.

Tsavit

Tsavit

Spen (titanite) -soft gem of brightly yellowish-green, green or brown, which is suitable for the manufacture of pendants, brooches and earrings. Spen has always been considered a rare stone, but the new detected deposits made it possible to increase its number on the market.

Spen

Spen

Demantoid - “Tsarist” stone of the color of juicy spring greenery. The unique ability to refract the light at a certain angle brought the stone extraordinary popularity. The most valuable specimens are mined in Russia.

Demantoid

Demantoid

Half -led and crafts of green stones:

  • Chrysoprase
  • Jade
  • Malachite
  • Coil

Blue precious stones: name, description with photo

Aquamarine -Noble, but, at first glance, discreet transparent stone with blue-blue overflows. The imperial crown of Britain is decorated with aquamarine, a scepter of the Polish autocrat, which is now stored in the Kremlin, in the Armory, is made from it. They are mined in Russia, South Africa and Brazil. It is a talisman of fishermen and sailors.

Aquamarine

Aquamarine

Blue spinel – дорогой камень для украшения уникальных ювелирных изделий. Кристалл имеет нежный цвет весеннего неба.

Красивые полудрагоценные и поделочные камни голубого цвета:

  • Сапфирин
  • Zircon
  • Turquoise
  • Apatite
  • Амазонит
Spinel

Spinel

Драгоценные камни розового и малинового цвета: название, описание с фото

Милый, романтичный, нежный розовый цвет предпочитают молодые девушки и чувствительные хрупкие женщины с тонкой душевной организацией. Но если одежду или крупный аксессуар этого цвета не всегда уместен в повседневной носке, то колечко или серьги с розовым камнем можно носить, не снимая.

Розовый сапфир – редкий и очень дорогой камень, обладает высоким коэффициентом преломления. Обрамляют розовые сапфиры в платину либо золото. Серьги, кольцо или кулон с этим камнем может стать отличным подарком на 16-летие девушке.

Розовый сапфир

Розовый сапфир

Topaz – розовый камень, который, подобно лепесткам нежного цветка, гибнет на палящем солнце. Яркие направленные лучи быстро превращают его нежный цвет в грязно-серый. В украшениях стараются не использовать этот камень, так как предугадать его поведение невозможно.

Розовый топаз

Розовый топаз

Морганит – также не радуется яркому солнцу. Он блекнет, теряет привлекательность и превращается в малоприметный камень.

Морганит

Морганит

Шпинель розовая – редчайший благородный минерал, для огранки которого обычно используют бриллианты и платину.

Шпинель розовая

Шпинель розовая

Рубеллит – один из самых дешевых драгоценных камней. Опытные ювелиры вполне успешно заменяют им в украшениях дорогие камни.

Рубеллит

Рубеллит

Полудрагоценные и поделочные розовые камни:

  • Corundum
  • Jasper
  • Coral
  • Rhodonite

Драгоценные камни желтого и лимонного цвета: название, описание с фото

Желтые и лимонные оттенки привлекают в жизнь радость, богатство, удачу и здоровье. Украшения с желтыми камнями следует носить нерешительным людям, а также тем, кто ленится вести активный образ жизни. При одном только взгляде на этот яркий цвет в человеке просыпается жизненная энергия, уверенность и стремление действовать.

Topaz – камень, сияющий золотом изнутри и переливающийся на солнце. Украшения с желтым топазом выглядят утонченно и изысканно, однако высокая стоимость делает их недоступными для большинства людей.

Topaz

Topaz

Яхонт (сапфир) желтого цвета – редчайшее явление в природе. По твердости он мало уступает алмазу, поэтому спокойно выдерживает такую же обработку и огранку. Вставка в виде желтого сапфира делает стоимость ювелирного изделия очень высокой – даже маленькая золотая подвеска с ним будет стоить несколько тысяч долларов.

Желтая шпинель – очень редкий камень, поэтому пользуется большим спросом.

Желтая шпинель

Желтая шпинель

Heliodor - The most beautiful stone of the color of honey and gold. Jewelry with heliodor is striking in their appearance, because when looking at them it seems that droplets of the real sun were placed in the gold frame.

Heliodor

Heliodor

Half -led and crafts of yellow stones:

  • Beryl
  • Zircon
  • Citrine

Purple and lilac precious stones: name, description with a photo

Violet and lilac colors can not only calm and bring to balance, but, at the right moment, encourage action. They reflect the purity of thoughts, bright, fresh thoughts. Such stones are chosen by thinkers, philosophers, poets and writers.

Lilac, purple and lavender spinel From Vietnam and Sri Lanka, it is famous for its ability to “reveal” the color. At a certain angle in the stone, bright flashes appear and disappear and disappear.

 Violet spinel

Violet spinel

Almadin - A stone of faithful people, symbolizing constancy, the talisman of travelers. Pregnant women are also trying to get a talisman with almadine, because it is believed that he helps in childbirth. In jewelry, quite large (from 0.5 cm) specimens are placed.

Almadin

Almadin

Amethyst - Semi -collet, but this is no less beloved by women a stone. Brings good luck and stimulates mental activity.

Amethyst

Amethyst

Continuating Charoite, thanks to its unearthly blue-violet color, is very popular. Products with it always look spectacular and quite affordable. They get a stone only in Yakutia.

Brown precious stones: name, description with photo

Brown precious stones in nature are very few, and the color itself cannot be called popular. Brown stones in jewelry are preferred by those people who prefer to remain unnoticed in life.

Brown topaz. The “heavy” semi -collet stone was first discovered by the sailors of the ship, which crashed off the coast of Greece. A feature of topaz is its ability to bleach. The closer to the surface of the earth they find the stone, the lighter it is, so brown topaz is valued quite highly (from $ 250 per 1 carat).

Brown topaz

Brown topaz

Grossular - The original semiprecious stone, with a species, color and brilliance resembling a supported gooseberry berry. It is famous for its soothing impact on people. The largest specimens of Grossular are found in India, Russia and the USA.

Grossular

Grossular

Aventurine - It looks attractive in beads, pendants and large rings. The saturated brown color of the stone is diluted with golden veins that flicker and shimmer in sunlight.

Aventurine

Aventurine

Corn Brown Stones:

  • Cornelian
  • Agate
  • Tiger's Eye
  • Amber

White precious stones: name, description with photo

The one who chooses the white stone as a talisman is guaranteed prudence, peace, tranquility and the right reaction to trouble and misunderstandings.

The topaz is white It is extremely rare in nature, therefore its value is unreasonably overstated. The owners of the rings and rings should wear this jewelry without removing, only on the right hand. Thus, white topaz will be able to attract profit.

White topaz

White topaz

White tourmaline - Healing stone. Relieves insomnia, rejuvenates the body and ionizes the air. Wearing jewelry with tourmaline is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation, thyroid diseases, allergies and bleeding.

White tourmaline

White tourmaline

Pearl It is not a precious stone, but it is very popular. A unique stone is able to warn its owner about an impending disease - it darkens or turns yellow if there is a threat to the health of the owner of the pearl decoration. It is not recommended to wear pearls to unmarried women, because he brings disappointment in love and “scares away” potential suitors.

Pearl

Pearl

Gray precious stones: name, description with photo

Decorations with gray stones are often chosen by men and women who are inherent in philosophical thinking and a rational approach to everything.

The seeming inconsistency and coldness of gray stone is actually capable of emphasizing the brilliance of precious metal and the restrained image of its owner. There is no gray precious stones in nature, but among the crafts you can choose a decent option.

Gray pearls Appreciated quite high. They get it only in the sea. It gets a cloudy if the owner of the jewelry begins to show excessive feelings and emotions.

Gray pearls

Gray pearls

Cornea - Gray jasper. Cleans the energy, rejuvenates, protects against the evil eye.

Cornea

Cornea

Rutil - Stone of women with well -developed intuition. It helps not to make a mistake in forecasts, at the necessary moments it shows magical properties.

Rutil

Rutil

Orange precious stones: name, description with photo

Orange - the color of fire, fun and good mood. Those who choose jewelry with orange stones have a good sense of humor, cheerful and open, but at the same time are quite strong.

Orange sapphire (Padparaj) - rare and expensive, the color of sunset and molten gold. The stories of this mineral are over 2000. Padparaj crystals shimmer with shades of pink and shine in the sun, and the settled in gold look like fabulous ones. It is recommended to wear orange sapphire to those who suffer from asthma attacks and frequent acute respiratory infections.

Orange sapphire (Padparaj)

Orange sapphire (Padparaj)

Imperial topaz orange color It has an impeccable structure and unique properties, highly appreciated by collectors. According to legend, the stone is able to extend the life of its owner and heal from infertility.

Imperial topaz orange color

Imperial topaz orange color

Agate - It was used for the manufacture of amulets in antiquity. Currently, he still remains one of the most popular precious stones. Agat is found in many places, including Brazil, Uruguay, Australia, India, Madagascar, Mexico, Namibia and the USA.

Agate

Agate

Contractor cornelian, Although it is not a precious stone, it has such beauty and fullness of color that it can compete with the most striking and expensive gems. The stone looks like a drop of honey or a piece of the sun. In ancient times, Catolic was valued along with diamonds.

Cornelian

Cornelian

Bryngey precious stone: name, description with photo

Stone of the color of the sea and the sky, the patron saint of navigators and travelers - aquamarine. Its deep color goes well with any metal. This solid but fragile mineral is mined in Russia, the USA, Brazil and India.

It is impossible to artificially reproduce aquamarine, so you can not be afraid of fakes.

Those who are jewelry with aquamarine, without removing, can be advised to pay attention to the behavior of the stone as often as possible. He is cloudy when the disease is on the onset of the situation.

Aquamarine should be protected from direct rays of the sun, otherwise it can forever lose the depth of color. In ancient times, skin purulent diseases were successfully treated with aquamarine powder.

Aquamarine

Aquamarine

Turquoise - A stone of happiness, joy and good mood. The ancient Persians believed that the owner of the talisman with turquoise would be able to overcome all the troubles in his path, and the Arabs - that the stone brings good luck.

Many amazing legends are associated with this mineral, one of which says that it is possible to find a jewel of the color of the sky only at the site of the death of a rejected lover.

North America’s Indians used turquoise as money, and for Buddhists it became a sacred stone that helps fight demons.

Today, turquoise is nothing more than inexpensive, but this is no less beloved and popular craftsman. The threads of turquoise beads or a cute silver kit with inserts of this stone can be bought in each jewelry shop for just a few tens of dollars.

Turquoise

Turquoise

Choosing jewelry with precious stones, people are often concentrated in color, and not on varieties of the stone itself. After all, this is exactly the easiest way to find the gem that emphasizes the individuality, character and mood of its owner. Having decided on the color, it remains only to find a precious stone from those offered to their own taste and wallet.

Video: the most expensive stones