Why don't people still flew to Mars? What difficulties is connected and when a person's foot is set on the red planet?
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Loneliness in the Universe ... Did you think about the fact that the planet Earth is unique and there is no longer life in the whole universe? People always hoped that somewhere far be far there and not as on our planet, but life. And even relatively recently, she was looking for in our solar system, including on the Mars planet. And since nobody saw the aliens, imagine how they look, it is possible only with your own fantasy.
How much to fly to Mars to meet with Martians?
For a very long time, people did not know - is there life on Mars? In fantastic novels, the titles and stories of the nineteenth century, science fiction writers excited the minds invented stories about Mars flyers and about meetings with Martians. Millions of people read out like works and sincerely believed that there was life on Mars. Usually, in fantasies, aliens from other planets had green skin, big eyes and their body resembled the structure of the human body.
Frame from the film "Aliens in the attic"
Is there a meeting with Martians possible?
- Today we already know exactly what human-like creatures do not only live on Mars, but even microorganisms are not found, although scientists still hope that they are there.
- On Mars did not yet found water in liquid state, but there is a lot of ice.
- The atmosphere is strongly resolved, and the maximum temperature reaches a plus of 22 degrees Celsius during the day, but at night it goes to minus 50 in the same place.
- Near Mars Pole Minimum temperature reaches minus 133 degrees Celsius. On Mars, a very low oxygen level in the atmosphere - 1% and a very high level of radiation. This is how the harsh reality of space looks like.
Mars made by Marse Marst Curiosity
Important: Since Mars moves around the sun not in a circle, but by ellipse, then the distance from the ground to Mars is changing from 56 million kilometers to 100 million kilometers.
Flights on Earth differ from flights in space. The plane can move in a straight line, if not to take into the attention of the fact that the earth is round. So, the movement can be relatively straightforward. On earth, airplanes have to overcome the power of the earthly attraction.
There are other laws of movement in space. There is no strength of attraction, but all the planets of the solar system are in constant motion. In order to make the most quickly flying to Mars, you will have to calculate the flight trajectory. And it will have an arc shape or several arcs.
How much to fly to Mars on a spacecraft?
Marshow Curiosity flew to Mars for 254 days. If we consider that he flew 56 million kilometers, then the average flight rate of the Marshode to Marsu was 220.472 thousand kilometers in one day or 153 km in one second.
Photo NASA - Marso Curiosity
And so difficult was the landing or more precisely the posimberization of this unique spacecraft.
Video: Planting Marshod Curiosity
How quickly could you get to Mars on foot, by car and by plane?
To imagine how far Mars is from the ground, you can "measure" this distance by earth speeds.
- If you could walk through the space on foot, then coming out of the ground, you would be able to reach Mars, after 1530 years. Mars would be able to achieve your very distant right and so on grandchildren.
Walking via space
- You could get a little faster from the ground to Mars on the car. Get to Mars a by car at a speed of 80 km / h you can just For 80 years.
- Flying through space from the ground to Mars by plane MiG-31 with a maximum permissible speed of 3400 km / h could take 2 years. Naturally, without stopping and refueling on the way.
Flight in the stratosphere on the MiG-31
- Flight speed itself powerful carrier rocket Saturn-5 After the exit to open space is 6.84 km / s. With this rocket, the United States first landed astronauts on the moon. If it could be flying on Mars, then such a flight would take 3 months and 3 days.
- Flying to the moon on Apollon-15, a spacecraft with pilots, which was carried by the Saturn-5 launch vehicle, took 12 days. The question is possible on Mars, with pilots on board, it hangs due to the fact that cosmic ships can not take on board too large stocks of water, oxygen and food for such a journey, moreover, it would be necessary to cover, to protect cosmonauts from radiation . For such a long flight to maintain the life of the ship's crew, it would be necessary to increase the mass and size of the ship.
Space Study Now: When do people fly to Mars?
- At the time of writing this article, on the ISS, located at an near-earth orbit, the Japanese spacecraft Konotori-7 performs its mission. He docked with the International Space Station to fulfill her refueling, pick up samples for research to land and perform some other missions.
- This international station is one of the largest modern Space Research Projects. 14 countries took part in its creation and maintenance, including Russia, the United States and Japan.
- However, not so long ago, NASA specialists began to make statements that the United States should stop financing projects related to the ISS to focus on the study of Mars, and to 2024 send a piloted ship there.
- As for Russia, in 2019, the Russian government is going to launch a unmanned ship on the Red Planet. Planned landings in the area of \u200b\u200bthe poles, it is very important because there may be able to find water in a liquid state. In far-reaching plans, sending to Mars first unmanned ships, and then ships with the crew.
Russia is interested in whether there is water on Mars in liquid state
As you can see, research does not stand still, and even the official organizations and leaders of countries make loud statements about the flight of a person for Mars in the near future. However, such a mission is very dangerous. And many unmanned missions on the Red Planet ended in failure.
Many missions ended unsuccessfully, and this concerns the spacecraft of leading countries:
- The American Mars Polar Lander apparatus suffered an accident in 1999 during the landing.
- Russian ship Phobos-soil in 2011 burned down in dense layers of the earth's atmosphere
- The Japanese Space Station Nodzomi in 1998 failed to enter the orbit of the Red Planet.
Perhaps in the coming years, a human expedition will be sent to Mars in the coming years, let's hope that their mission will be successful.
Why not send the human expedition to Mars?
The modern society was divided into opinion: whether to fly to Mars to Mars generally. And these are the arguments, lead those who are against such a journey:
- People will infect Mars earth bacteria and microorganisms. Almost 500 types of bacteria live in the human body, the number of features of about 100 trillion, and their total weight is more than 2 kg. If a person is flying on Mars with all these "unfinless passengers", then hope to find bacteria that live in Mars now will fade. After all, it will be impossible to distinguish earth bacteria from Martian.
- Send people to Mars financially not quite profitableRobots will be able to cope with research tasks no worse than people and less cost.
- People need more time to devote the environmental safety of their native planet, not to try to create a colony on Mars. After all, if it does not apply to the planets, they will be able to comprehend the same sad fate. In addition, it is easier and cheaper to build underground bunkers on Earth in case of a large-scale natural cataclysm.